Andrej Karpathy: Software Is Changing (Again)
Y Combinator. Karpathy's AI Startup School keynote frames LLMs as a new kind of computer — utility, fab, and OS rolled together — and argues for "partial autonomy" products with a human-controlled leash. It is the cleanest articulation of the stack-level mental model the article assumes: that you are picking inference vendors and tooling for a programmable substrate, not a chatbot.
AI Expert note
Model names, pricing and capabilities change quickly. Use this for the decision pattern, then verify current model behavior before adopting it.
What you should get from this
Evaluate partial-autonomy product ideas where humans keep control over high-risk decisions.
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